Crafting and Advancements of Pippali and Cissus Quadrangularis Anti- Inflammatory & Anti-Rheumatic Herbal Ointment

Abstract

Crafting and Advancements of Pippali and Cissus Quadrangularis Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Rheumatic Herbal Ointment” Are Viscous semi-solid formulations called ointments are applied externally to the skin or mucous membranes. Using two traditional medicinal herbs, Cissus quadrangularis and pippali (long pepper), the study's objective was to create and assess an herbal ointment having anti- inflammatory and anti-rheumatic qualities. A fusion technique and trituration were used for the preparation. Throughout the development phase, three distinct formulations were used: Placebo: This formulation was made as a control and contained no active component, Pippali was incorporated into the formulation for F-1 (Pippali-based formulation). This resulted in a black-looking ointment. F-2 (formulation based on Cissus quadrangularis): Pippali was swapped out for Cissus quadrangularis in this formulation. When the dark green ointment was applied to the skin, it caused a slight easing of pain. F-3 & F-4 (Combined formulation): By combining Pippali and Cissus quadrangularis, this formulation improved absorption and bioavailability while also enhancing anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic properties. With a pH of 5.9, this ointment was determined to be well-balanced and skin-friendly. The prepared ointments exhibited good appearance, spread ability, and stability under typical storage conditions. Importantly, the combined formulation (F- 4) displayed major anti-inflammatory effects and effectively reduced inflammation, while the reference drug alleviated pain. No skin irritation or phase separation occurred during storage, indicating that the ointment is safe for topical use. Pippali, recognized for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory effects, was incorporated into the formulation for its ability to diminish swelling and inflammation and alleviate pain. The developed herbal ointment, containing Pippali and Cissus quadrangularis, proved to be a stable, effective, and safe product for topical use, exhibiting promising anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic properties. The formulation was well-tolerated on the skin, showing no signs of irritation or phase separation, and demonstrated beneficial effects in reducing inflammation and pain.

Keywords

Introduction

Table. No :01

Fig No :01

Synonym: - long pepper, Piper Longum

Fig No:02

Synonym: - Veldt grape, Adamant creeper

Fig no: 03

Synonym: - lanolin, hydrous wool fat, adeps lane, anhydrous lanolin.

Fig no :04

Synonym: - Paraffin wax

Fig no :05

Synonym:- cera alba , cire blancha , weisses wachs

Fig No :06

Synonym: - Cetearyl alcohol, Cetyl alcohol

Table No :03

Table No:04

Table No:05

Sno	Ingredients		F1	F2		F3	F4 Optimized Formula		Placebo Ointment
1.	White petrolatum		0.5mg	0.5gm		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm
2.	White beeswax		0.5mg	0.5gm		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm
3.	Wool fat		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm
4.	Hard paraffin		7.0mg	7.5gm		6.5gm	8.5gm		8.0gm
5.	Dried powder of Pippali longum		1.0gm	0gm		1.0gm	1.0gm		0gm
6.	Dried powder of Cissus quadrangularis		0gm	1.0gm		1.0gm	1.0gm		0gm
7.	Cetostearyl alcohol		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm	0.5gm		0.5gm
	Total weight of ointment		10gm	10gm		10gm	10gm		10gm
F-1		F-2			F-3& F-4			Placebo

Table No 06.

pH

Washability:

Stability Test

A stability study was conducted over a period of 3 months to evaluate the degradation and overall stability of the herbal ointment when stored at room temperature (approximately 25°C). During this period, the ointments were regularly monitored for any changes in appearance, consistency, color, odor, pH, and the presence of any physical degradation or phase separation.

Results:

Appearance: The ointments maintained their original appearance throughout the study, with no discoloration, separation, or visible changes observed in any of the formulations.

Consistency: The texture and spread ability of the ointments remained consistent, showing no signs of hardening or thinning over time.

Color: The color of the ointments (black for F-1, dark green for F-2, and a combination of both for F-4) remained stable and did not change during the 3- month period.

Odor: No off-odors or rancid smells were detected, indicating that no chemical degradation occurred.

pH: The pH of the ointments remained within the expected range (around pH 5.9), suggesting that the formulation remained stable and skin-friendly.

Phase Separation: No phase separation occurred, and the formulations remained homogeneous throughout the study.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

An Anti-Rheumatic and Anti-Inflammatory herbal ointment were formulated using Pippali (Piper longum) and Cissus quadrangularis. The formulation process involved several trials (Placebo, F1, F2, F3, and F4) to optimize the product. After thorough evaluation of its physical, chemical, and Microbiological properties, the final ointment formulation was prepared and labeled as F4. The formulations F1 and F2 initially included active components, but after further evaluation, F3 and F4 were found to have better non-Irritancy, Stability, Balanced PH properties. Based on the evaluation criteria, F3 was optimized as the best formulation. As a result, the F3 formulation was finalized as the Most effective option. The final 10g batch of the optimized ointment demonstrated strong anti- rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic (pain-relieving) properties, making it a promising choice for Topical use.

CONCLUSION:

“Crafting and Advancements of Pippali and Cissus Quadrangularis Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Rheumatic Herbal Ointment” The combination of Cissus quadrangularis (Veldt Grape) and Pippali (Piper longum) in herbal ointments exhibits encouraging potential in both conventional and contemporary therapeutic uses, per the aforementioned result. While Pippali is well-known for its anti-inflammatory and digestive qualities as well as its capacity to increase the bioavailability of other herbal compounds, Cissus quadrangularis is highly respected for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory qualities. These ointments offer calming and therapeutic advantages by harnessing the healing qualities of plant-based substances, frequently with fewer adverse effects than synthetic substitutes. Herbal ointments are a common option for people looking for kinder, natural treatments, whether they are used for small burns, skin irritations, or pain relief. These ointments offer calming and therapeutic advantages by harnessing the healing qualities of plant-based substances, frequently with fewer adverse effects than synthetic substitutes. Herbal ointments are a common option for people looking for kinder, natural treatments, whether they are used for small burns, skin irritations, or pain relief. Herbal ointments containing Cissus quadrangularis (Veldt Grape) and Pippali (Piper longum) exhibit encouraging promise for both conventional and contemporary therapeutic uses. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and bone-healing qualities of Cissus quadrangularis are highly valued, whereas pippali is well-known for both its anti-inflammatory and its capacity to increase the bioavailability of other herbal compounds

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