Reference

1. Mandell LA, Niederman MS. Aspiration Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2019 Feb 14;380(7):651-663. [PubMed]
2. 2.Kudo H, Ide H, Nakabayashi M, Goto T, Wakakuri A, Iwata N, Kuroki Y. [The effectiveness of the complete lateral position method in elderly patients with severe dysphagia]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 2019;56(1):59-66. [PubMed]
3. 3.Cicala G, Barbieri MA, Spina E, de Leon J. A comprehensive review of swallowing difficulties and dysphagia associated with antipsychotics in adults. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Mar;12(3):219-234. [PubMed]
4. 4.Neill S, Dean N. Aspiration pneumonia and pneumonitis: a spectrum of infectious/non infectious diseases affecting the lung. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;32(2):152-157. [PubMed]
5. 5.Bowerman TJ, Zhang J, Waite LM. Antibacterial treatment of aspiration pneumonia in older people: a systematic review. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:2201-2213. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
6. Marrie TJ, Durant H, Yates L. Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: 5-year prospective study. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11:586-99.
7. Aldrich T, Morrison J, Cesario T. Aspiration after overdosage of sedative or hypnotic drugs. South Med J 1980;73:456-8.
8. Tuomanen EI, Austrian R, Masure HR. Pathogenesis of pneumococcal infection. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1280-4.
9. Irwin RS. Aspiration. In: Irwin RS, Cerra FB, Rippe JM, eds. Irwin and Rippe’s intensive care medicine. 4th ed. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: Lippincott– Raven, 1999:685-92.
10. Cassiere HA, Niederman MS. Aspiration pneumonia, lipoid pneumonia, and lung abscess. In: Baum GL, Crapo JD, Celli BR, Karlinsky JB, eds. Textbook of pulmonary diseases. 6th ed. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: Lippincott–Raven, 1998:645-55.
11. Beck-Sague C, Villarino E, Giuliano D, et al. Infectious diseases and death among nursing home residents: results of surveillance in ing and aspiration. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991; 100:678-81
12. Idem. Fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing safety: a new procedure. Dysphagia 1988;2:216-9.
13. Splaingard ML, Hutchins B, Sulton LD, Chaudhuri G. Aspiration in rehabilitation patients: videofluoroscopy vs bedside clinical assessment. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1988;69:637-40.
14. Graves EJ, Gillum BS. Detailed diagnoses and procedures, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 1995. Vital and health statistics. Series 13. No. 130. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1997. (DHHS publication no. (PHS) 1791.)
15. Grant MD, Rudberg MA, Brody JA. Gastrostomy placement and mortality among hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries. JAMA 1998;279:1973-6.
16. Park RH, Allison MC, Lang J, et al. Randomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with persisting neurological dysphagia. BMJ 1992;304:1406-9.
17. Baeten C, Hoefnagels J. Feeding via nasogastric tube or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: a comparison. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1992; 194:95-8
18. Strong RM, Condon SC, Solinger MR, Namihas BN, Ito-Wang LA, Leuty JE. Equal aspiration rates from postpylorus and intragastric-placed small-bore nasoenteric feeding tubes: a randomized, prospective study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1992;16:59-63.
19. Spain DA, DeWeese RC, Reynolds MA, Richardson JD. Transpyloric passage of feeding tubes in patients with head injuries does not decrease complications. J Trauma 1995;39:1100-2.
20. Fox KA, Mularski RA, Sarfati MR, et al. Aspiration pneumonia following surgically placed feeding tubes. Am J Surg 1995;170:564-6.
21. Cole MJ, Smith JT, Molnar C, Shaffer EA. Aspiration after percutaneous gastrostomy: assessment by Tc-99m labeling of the enteral feed. J Clin Gastroenterol 1987;9:90-5.
22. Balan KK, Vinjamuri S, Maltby P, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux in patients fed by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG): detection by a simple scintigraphic method. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:946-9.
23. Jones BJM. Enteral feeding: techniques of administration. Gut 1986; 27:Suppl 1:47-50.
24. Drakulovic MB, Torres A, Bauer TT, Nicolas JM, Nogue S, Ferrer M. Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999;354:1851-8.
25. Potts RG, Zaroukian MH, Guerrero PA, Baker CD. Comparison of blue dye visualization and glucose oxidase test strip methods for detecting pulmonary aspiration of enteral feedings in intubated adults. Chest 1993; 103:117-21.
26. Kollef MH. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: a multivariate analysis. JAMA 1993;270:1965-70
27. Ott L, Young B, Phillips R, et al. Altered gastric emptying in the headinjured patient: relationship to feeding intolerance. J Neurosurg 1991;74: 738-42. 68. Dive A, Miesse C, Galanti L, et al. Effect of erythromycin on 13 nursing homes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15:494-6.