Aged skin is a usual progression, and it is a consequence of the continual decaying process because of the harm to cellular DNA and proteins.  [1]. Air, harsh sun rays, other environmental pollutants, or other mechanical and chemical insults induce the generation of free radicals (FR) as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) in our own metabolism when humans are exposed to them. Thus, skin aging is divided into these two categories: Natural, sequential, extraneous, or photo-aging into common terms [2, 3]. A FR is any chemical species (atom, ion, or molecule) that contains an unpaired electron, and in biological systems, the common source of FR is oxygen.[4] FR are created as a consequence of ATP production by the mitochondria when cells use oxygen to generate energy, and they are generally called ROS that result from the cellular redox process and play a dual role as both toxic and advantageous compounds. [5]. FR play a significant role in the development of several skin conditions, such as skin cancers, wrinkles, and aging of the skin. UV light primarily generates free radicals (FR/ROS) by interacting with endogenous photosensitizers. This process results in cumulative physiological and structural changes, as well as progressive modifications in each layer of the skin and changes in the appearance of the skin. [6, 7]. Anti-oxidative defense mechanisms are the most effective way to eliminate and diminish the action of FR, which causes oxidative stress. [8]. They are inherently FR scavengers, which are known to destroy cells and lead to age-related medical conditions (such as wrinkles in the skin).  [9]. Topical application of anti-oxidants may be beneficial for protecting the skin against environmental factors. Anti-oxidant compounds play an important key ingredient in skin-care products such as creams and lotions, which have received importance in the present scenario.  [10, 11]. Anti-oxidants such as vitamin E and C, carotenoids, flavonoids, and tannins are present in various plants in substantial amounts and can be utilized to scavenge the overindulgence of FR in the human body. Apricot and Giloy are two of them, which contain potent antioxidants.  [12].

Because of the existence of secondary metabolites, plants constitute a natural source of medicine. In both contemporary and traditional medical systems, the bioactive chemicals found in plants have been isolated. [13, 14] Because antioxidants prevent oxidative degradation in food and medicinal items, interest in them has grown. [15] Bioactive substances found in abundance in apricots include vitamins, carotenoids, and polyphenols. [16]. Tinospora cordifolia is a shrub that is commonly utilized in Ayurvedic and folk medical systems. It is said to have antioxidant qualities. [17].

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

• F. Uckaya, M. Uckaya : Due to the phenols and flavonoids they contain, banana peels are a fruit waste that has antioxidant properties. Topical therapies may be able to lessen oxidative damage in the skin. When applied topically, the banana peel-based composition might offer anti-aging and antioxidant qualities.
• Deepak B. Somavanshi, Dr. Priyadarshini R. Kambale: Polyherbal formulation is a cutting-edge tactic in herbal cosmetics. A polyherbal preparation is said to be more potent than one made with a single herb. Botanists now view herbs as a miraculous source of potent medicinal compounds

• NEED OF STUDY: Polyhebral formulations offer chances for innovation and integration into contemporary healthcare systems, particularly in light of the increased interest in integrative medicine and natural medicines. Their traditional applications can be validated by scientific study and evidence-based methods, which can also open up new treatment possibilities and close the knowledge gap between conventional wisdom and modern healthcare procedures.

Materials and methods

The herbal drug to be used for this research study was collected from local herbal shop of Raebareli and chemicals required are taken from college lab. The collected herbal drug is dried and sieved and stored in an air tight container.

Method

Phytochemical Screening of extract

Phytochemical screening of the extract was qualitatively tested for the presence of chemical constituents, and it was performed using following reagents and chemicals.

Test for flavonoid

A few drops of diluted sodium hydroxide were added to one milliliter of extract. A few drops of diluted acid were added to plant extract, which first had a pronounced yellow tinge that eventually turned colorless. This implies that flavonoids are present. [18].

Test for terpenoids

To build a layer, plant extract, chloroform, and concentrated H2SO4 were combined. The development of a reddish-brown hue in the vicinity of the contact signifies the existence of terpenoids. [19].

Test for tannins and phenols

The test extract was boiled, filtered, and then added to water. Five milliliters of the filtrate were mixed with one milliliter of a ferric chloride solution. Phenols and tannins are indicated by the hue dark green or deep blue. [20].

Test for the steroid

A green-blue color was produced, signifying the presence of steroids, by gradually adding a strong sulphuric acid solution to the extract following treatment with 0.5 ml of acetic anhydride and 0.5 ml of chloroform.  [21].

Test for alkaloid

Wagner's reagent (iodine in potassium iodide) and 1 milliliter of extract are combined, and the resultant reddish-brown precipitate indicates the presence of alkaloids. [22].

Method of preparation

An anti-aging cream contains an aqueous phase. Oil phase like (Stearic acid, an emulsifier and other oil miscible components olive oil) was mixed [Part A] and heated up to 75?

. [23, 24].

       
           
       
Fig.1: Formulated anti-aging cream

Evaluation of Cream

1. Organoleptic evaluation

The resulting cream's organoleptic qualities, such as color, odor, and appearance, were assessed. The roughness and color serve as judges for appearance.

2. ph of cream

The calibration of the pH meter was done with common buffer solutions. In a beaker, 50 milliliters of distilled water were used to dissolve around 0.5 grams of the cream, and the resulting ph was recorded. [25].

3. Viscosity

The measurement of viscosity of the prepared cream was done with Brookfield visometer. The viscosity was measured using spindle LV- 4 spindle.

4. Spreadability

We measured the cream's emolliency, slipperiness, and amount of residue left behind after application.

5. Homogeneity

The uniformity of the formulation was assessed by touch and appearance.

6. Irritancy test

After applying the lotion to the skin, the time was recorded. After applying the cream formulation to a designated region of skin, erythema and irritation were assessed and reported at regular intervals for up to 24 hours. [26].

7. After feel

After application, the amount of cream formulation left as well as its slipperiness and emolliency were measured.

8. Stability Study

For the purpose of determining the formulated cream's stability parameters during storage, stability studies were conducted in accordance with ICH requirements. For two months, the cream-filled bottle was stored in a stability chamber that was kept at 35 + 2 °C and 65 + 5% relative humidity. Samples were examined for their physical characteristics at the conclusion of the research. [27].

1. Microbiological test

Microbiological tests are crucial for cream formulations to ensure their safety, quality and efficacy. The formulated creams are tested for their sterility. A small quantity of the cream was inoculated into agar media and kept at 37ºC for 24 h. After the incubation period, the plates are checked for any microbial growth by comparing with the control plate [28].

Results

       
           
       
Table no.2: Results of the phytochemical screening test

Anti-oxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity)

The anti-oxidant activity of cream formulation was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging activity and by taking ascorbic acid as standard. Formulation F3 shows maximum percent inhibition of DPPH about 55%.fig 2. shows DPPH scavenging activities of formulation F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 in different concentrations.

Result

Based on the result obtained from the study, moderate Antioxidant property (DPPH scavenging) was observed in sample-F1, F2, F3 F4, F5 and F6 (IC50 = Above Dose Limit i.e. higher than 1000 µg/ml), as compared to standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 7.591 ± 0.019 µg/ml).