Abstract

The present study aimed to develop and evaluate an anti-aging cream formulation using banana peel extract and pumpkin seed oil. The cream was prepared using a combination of banana peel extract, pumpkin seed oil, and excipients. Physicochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and were evaluated. The results showed that the formulated cream exhibited good physicochemical properties, high antioxidant activity (23.88% inhibition of DPPH radicals). Stability studies indicated no significant changes in the cream's properties over3 months. The combination of banana peel extract and pumpkin seed oil in the cream formulation showed enhanced anti-aging effects, making it a potential natural and effective solution for anti-aging skin care. However, in the present work herbal formulations reported to have more significant advantages over synthetic formulations. Hence, we conclude that the topical cream for anti-aging is effective, safe and ease of manufacturing and in the economic point of view they are cheap when compared to synthetic creams. Further clinical trials are recommended to confirm its efficacy and safety in humans.

Keywords

Introduction

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT

Procedure

1. All of the equipment needs to be thoroughly cleaned and washed.
2. The ingredients for the oil phase are combined in one beaker, while the ingredients for the water phase are combined in another.
3. The temperatures in both procedures range from 70 to 75 °C.
4. The heating components are continually stirred.
5. Carefully record the heated material's temperature.
6. The heating is stopped and the combination is well stirred when the material reaches a temperature of more than 70°C.
7. Combine the Water and Oil phases, and then pour the resulting mixture into the mortar.
8. Only one direction should be used for the trituration when adding essential ingredients like pumpkin seed oil and banana peel extract.
9. Prepare the product, fill the container with it, and label it.

EVALUATION OF PREPARED CREAM FORMULATION

Physical Evaluation

The banana peel cream was tested for odour, appearance, and homogeneity through visual observation and touch.

Determination of Ph

The pH calibrated using standard buffer solutions. About0.5 g of the cream was weighed and dissolved in 50ml of distilled water in a beaker, and its pH was measured.

Viscosity

The measurement of viscosity of the prepared cream from banana peel was done with a Brookfield viscometer. The reading was taken at100 rpm using spindle no. 6.

Spreadability

Emolliency, slipperiness, and amount of residue left after the application of the cream was checked.

Thermal Stability

Stability studies were carried out as per ICH guidelines for the formulated cream to access its stability parameters during its storage period. The cream-filled bottle was kept in a humidity chamber maintained 35 + 2 °C with65+5% relative humidity (RH) for two months. At the end of the studies, samples were analysed for their physical properties.

Determination of Antioxidant Activity

Prepare a stock solution of the anti-aging cream in methanol or ethanol. Dilute the stock solution to various concentrations (e.g., 1-100 ug/mL). Add 1 mL of DPPH reagent to each concentration. Mix well and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature. Measure the absorbance at 517 nm using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Calculate the percentage inhibition of DPPH radicals using the formula:

% Inhibition = ((Absorbance of control - Absorbance of sample / Absorbance of control) x 100

Control = Ascorbic acid

RESULTS

Evaluation Test

Identification Test For Flavonoids

Alkaline reagent test:

Deep yellow colour but it gradually becomes colourless by adding few drops of dilute HCL. Presence of flavonoids.

Shinoda test:

Deep pink colour. Presence of flavonoids

Lead acetate test:

Appearance of yellow colour precipitate Presence of flavonoids

Identification Test for Phenolic Compounds

Litmus test:

Blue litmus turns red. Presence of phenolic compound

Ferric chloride test:

Violet or blue colouration. Presence of phenolic compound

Liebermann’s Test:

Appearance of red colouration Appearance of blue green colour. Presence of phenolic compound.

Evaluation Test of Pumpkin Seed Oil

Physical Evaluation

The physical parameter such as color, taste, aroma, turbidity were checked and the result is showed in the given.

Result of peroxide value

The peroxide value of pumpkin seed oil was found to be 2.5meq/kg. This result indicates that the pumpkin seed oil has relatively low level of peroxides, suggesting it is of good quality and has not undergone significant oxidation.

Evaluation of Anti-Aging Cream

Physical Evaluation

The physical parameters such as color, odour and appearance were checked and result showed given.

Color- white

Odour- characteristic

Appearance- pleasant

Nature –homogenic

Determination of pH

The Anti-aging cream prepared by using F3 showed favourable pH determined by digital pH meter.Ph was determined to be 5.96±0.05

Determination of Spreadability

The term Spreadability used to calculate extent area to which the cream readily spread onto the skin. The Spreadability of anti-aging cream was found to be 2.0626±0.0003

Spreadability, S=M.L/T

M=weight placed over slide, L=length of slide, T=Time for slip off in second

Viscosity

Viscosity of the formulation indicates the consistency. It is determined by Brookfield viscometer, three measurements taken and average viscosity calculated. The viscosity of Anti-aging cream was in the range of 27020-27050 cps which indicates Spreadability of cream.

Thermal Stability

Stability studies were carried out as per ICH guidelines for the formulated cream to access its stability parameters during its storage period. The cream does not show any phase separation or signs of deterioration.

Determination of anti-oxidant property

Result of DPPH test

Anti-oxidant activity of prepared formulation was evaluated by DPPH test. Absorbance of sample solution (1ml to 5ml) was determined and their %inhibition was calculated. Cream was determined to show anti-oxidant activity in all above sample. Sample containing 5ml shows maximum %inhibition.

DISCUSSION

The present work is to develop topical herbal formulation containing phytopharmaceuticals to be applied in the treatment of aging. The aim of the study is to make topical cream containing methanolic extract of banana peel and oil of pumpkin seeds. Preliminary phytochemical screening of selected plants was performed by using different solvents like ethanol, methanol, water and the result showed the presence of various phytoconstituents like phenolic compounds and flavonoids etc. The major component which is responsible for providing anti-aging activity is present in methanolic extract of the plant material. Maceration is done to make the banana peel extract. The herbally medicated cream for anti-aging activity was prepared by using the alcoholic extract of banana peel and pumpkin seed oil. The physical parameters like colour, appearance etc. were observed and the result showed that the formulated cream was white in colour and of good homogenicity. The Ph., viscosity, thermal stability etc. are performed and showed good results. The in-vitro anti-aging/anti-oxidant activity was performed by DPPH test and the result is compared with standard.

CONCLUSION

The aim of the study is to formulate the anti-aging cream using the materials of the plant parts of banana peel and pumpkin seed oil for anti-aging activity. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant extracts showed the presence of major constituent like flavonoids, phenolic compounds etc. contribute anti-oxidant activity which is beneficial for treatment of aging. Phytoconstituents present in plant material is extracted by maceration using alcohol as solvent. The physical evaluation of prepared anti-aging cream was done like colour, Spreadability, wash ability, viscosity etc. The in vitro anti-aging activity is evaluated by DPPH test that showed the prepared anti-aging cream has anti-oxidant activity which makes contribution against aging. However, in the present work herbal formulations reported to have more significant advantages over synthetic formulations. Hence we conclude that the topical cream for anti-aging is effective, safe and ease of manufacturing and in the economic point of view they are cheap when compared to synthetic creams.

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