Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal soap

Cosmetics-The term cosmetic is derived from the Greek word "kosm tikos," which means to have the power, organize, or ability in beautifying. The drug and Cosmetics are defined under D&C Act as substances intended to be given to the human body by friction, dripping, sprayed, or sprinkling or a section of it for cleaning, enhancing, promoting beauty, or changing the style. (Amrutkar SV)

Soap-As per the definition soap is a compound made from chemical that is created when a fatty acid a metal radical reacts. (Kuntom A) Soap is used to remove impurities from the body, such as allergens and bad smells. (Arun SK)

Disadvantages-

1. Potential for Skin Irritation- Many synthetic soaps include irritating substances, preservatives, and artificial perfumes that can cause skin irritation or allergic responses in individuals with allergies. (Lash T)  
2. Toxicity of chemicals- Some synthetic soaps contain substances like parabens, phthalates, or formaldehyde-releasing preservatives, which have been linked to longterm health hazards, including hormone disruption and increased cancer risk. (Berg G)

Herbal soap-Herbal soap is created with natural components sourced from various herbs and plants. (Kareru PG) Herbal soap does not include synthetic colors, flavors, fluorides, or other additions. 

Advantages

1. Moisturizing and Nourishing- Numerous natural soaps contain moisturizing components like glycerine, aloe vera, or honey, which are recognized for their skinhydrating properties. (Bhat, R. S.)  
2. Free of Harsh Chemicals- Herbal soaps usually do not include sulfates, parabens, artificial scents, or colours, which are prevalent in commercial soaps and can irritate the skin and cause allergic responses. (Nedorost)
3. Suitable for All Skin Types- Herbal soaps are extremely adaptable and may be tailored to certain skin types, such as sensitive, dry, or oily skin. (Zouboulis, C.C) 

Ingredient Profile

Curry leaves-

Curry leaves, a fragrant botanical native from the Indian subcontinent, are frequently utilized in South Asian culinary arts. The incorporation of curry leaves in herbal soap provides a number of benefits due to its high concentration of bioactive substances such as antioxidants,

vitamins and essential oils (Jain)                   )                                                              

Botanical Name- Murraya koenigii

Family- Rutaceae

Fig.No. 1 – Curry leaves

Table No. 1- Curry leaves activity with its active phytoconstituent

Tulsi- Tulsi is a cherished herb in Indian traditional medicine and considered a sacred plant in hindu culture (Singh, G) The presence of Tulsi in soap improves its capacity to purify, cleanse,

and repair skin. (Bhattacharyya, S.)

Botanical Name- Ocimum sanctum

Family- Lamiaceae

Fig.No. 2- Tulsi

Table No. 2- Tulsi activity with its active phytoconstituent

Turmeric: Curcuma plant roots are used to make turmeric a bright yellow spice that is frequently used in traditional medicine and cosmetics. Turmeric, when used in soap, provides a natural way to improve skin health (Al-Dosary)

Botanical Name- Curcuma longa

Family- Zingiberaceae

Fig.No.3- Turmeric

Table No. 3- Turmeric activity with its active phytoconstituent

Aloe vera-The succulent plant aloe vera is well-known for its thick, meaty leaves that contain a gel-like material that has several health and skin advantages. Aloe vera offers many skin benefits such as skin healing, moisturizing, repairs acne and healing etc. that’s the reason it is

used in soap. (Dweck)

Botanical name-Aloe barbadensis Miller.

Family- Asphodelaceae

Fig.No. 4- Aloe Vera

Table No. 4- Aloe Vera activity with its active phytoconstituent

Neem Oil- Neem oil is derived from the seeds of the Azadirachta indica plant, plus also named neem tree which is located near the subcontinent. It is frequently used as an addition within certain soap compositions are intended to heal skin issues or provide gentle natural treatment

(Kumar A)