Formulation And Evaluation of Guar Gum Gel for Wound Healing

In India, drugs grounded on herbal origin have been the base of treatment and cure for colourful conditions also, Indian folk drug comprises multitudinous conventions for remedial purposes similar as mending of injuries, inflammation, skin infections, leprosy, diarrhea, scabies, venereal complaint, ulcers, snake bite, etc. Further than 80 of the world’s population still depends upon traditional drugs for colourful skin conditions. herbal drugs in crack operation involve disinfection, debridement and furnishing a wettest terrain to encourage the establishment of the suitable terrain for natural mending process. A large number of shops are used by myth traditions in India for treatment of cuts, injuries and becks. fundamentally a connective tissue response. Initial stage of this process involves an acute inflammatory phase followed by synthesis of collagen and extracellular macromolecules that are later remodeled to scars. These processes basically divided into three overlapping phases are inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. For a wound to heal successfully, all four phases must occur in the proper sequence and time frame. There are various natural agents, which assist in wound healing process. The herbal moiety selected for the Present work is guar gum. Guar gum was used which will enhance the wound healing activity. It have reported to have antiinflammatory and anti bacterial activity, which are complementary to wound healing process.

? Wound 

Skin is of the biggest organs in the mortal body. It contributes roughly 15 of total body weight. skin also protects us against colourful factors, similar as physical, natural, and chemical factors. In some cases, the anatomical and natural structure of the skin are affected due to internal factors similar as inflammation, and localized blockage of blood inflow. Some external factors that affect them are thermal injury, similar as heat radiation, and mechanical injury, similar as cuts. crack infection is one of the most common conditions in developing countries because of poor aseptic conditions. 

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Fig No. 1 Wound

? Stages of the Healing Process of Wounds

Healing wounds involves challenging biological steps, which involve various different steps such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.

Hemostasis (0-10 minutes)

• Vasoconstriction: Blood vessels constrict to reduce bleeding.
• Platelet aggregation: Platelets clump together to form a plug.
• Clot formation: Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin, forming a clot^[11].

Inflammation (0-4 days)

• Increased blood flow: Blood vessels dilate, allowing white blood cells to reach the wound.
• White blood cell migration: White blood cells fight infection and clean up debris.
• Cytokine release: Chemical signals coordinate the healing process.

Proliferation (4-21 days)

• Granulation tissue formation: New tissue forms, including blood vessels and collagen.
• Angiogenesis: New blood vessels grow into the wound.
• Epithelialization: The wound surface is covered with new epithelial cells.

Remodeling (21 days-2 years) 

• Collagen synthesis: Collagen is produced to strengthen the tissue.
• Collagen remodeling: Collagen fibers are reorganized to restore tissue structure
• Tissue strengthening: The wound becomes stronger over time.

Guar Gum are natural polysaccharide derived from the seeds of the guar plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), has several properties that make it an effective agent in wound healing. When used in wound care formulations, such as gels or dressings, guar gum provides various benefits that promote faster and more efficient healing. When formulated into a gel, it forms a viscous matrix that can adhere to the wound site, protect the tissue from external contaminants, and facilitate a controlled release of bioactive compounds. Its high water-holding capacity helps in maintaining the optimal level of moisture at the wound surface. The guar gum gel are easy to use and carry anywhere, to protect are self. This gel has the easy to apply on our skin and it has the good spread ability to applying on any damaged skin area. It was the many beneficial for the using skin purpose. Guar gum having a many benefits for the human beings. The guar plant is the having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiaging properties.

MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS

Materials:

Table No. 1: List of Chemicals and their Manufacturer

Table No.2 : List of Equipments:

Method :

1. Preparation of Herbal Extract :

The air-dried crude samples of leaves and fruits were pulverized and extracted respectively with (95% v/v) ethanol using Soxhlet apparatus for 24 hours. the solvent were removed under vacuum. Semi solid masses with a yield of 15% and 19% w/w respectively were obtained. the extracts were further used for evaluation of biological activity.

2. Preparation of Topical Formulations :

• Gel base IP

The simple gel was prepared according to the formula reported in Indian Pharmacopiea (IP). As carbopol 934 (0.8%), propylene glycol (1 ml), ethanol (2 ml), triethanolamine (q.s.), Purified water (q.s.) for 20 gm. carbopol was added in small amounts in purified water with vigorous mechanical stirring, until the cloudy lump free and waited for air bubble to separate, Triethanolamine was added drop by drop and stirring by spatula, then remaining water added, Stirred the mixture thoroughly until gel formed. packed it an gel jar.

• Medicated gel

The medicated gel were prepared by adding the ethanol extracts were dissolved in purified water. these contents were added to the contents of simple gel (IP) in similar manner. Stirred the mixture thoroughly until homogenous gel was obtained. packed it an gel jar.

                                  Table No. 3 : Composition of optimization of gel

1.Organoleptic Properties 

Organoleptic evaluation refers to assessing a product based on the senses: appearance, colour, odour, taste, and texture. For guar gum gel widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics organoleptic evaluation is important for determining its quality, acceptability, and potential application.

Appearance: Slightly cloudy, or opaque.

Consistency: Homogeneous without lumps or phase separation.

Colour: Natural guar gum gels are usually colourless to slightly milky white.

Odour: Neutral.

Taste: Tasteless

2.Measurement of pH

Weigh 10 grams of gel and mix with 90 mL of distilled water. Stir thoroughly until it forms a uniform mixture. If the gel is not too viscous, you can measure directly. Rinse the electrode with distilled water and gently blot dry. Immerse the pH electrode into the gel stir gently if  necessary to ensure even contact. Wait for the pH reading to stabilize.  The results were shown in Table No.             

3.Viscosity: Viscosity was the measurement of the thickness of fluid. by the help of Brookfield viscometer.

4.Spreadability

Test formulations 0.5 gm each were placed with in a circle of 1 cm diameter pre marked on a glass plate over which a second glass plate was placed. A weight of 5 gm was allowed to rest on the upper glass plate for 5 min. The increase in the diameter due to spreadability of the formulation was noted.

Formula:   S=MxL/T

5.Washability Test:  

Washability: After a specified time attempt to remove the gel using a controlled amount of water, soap, or detergent, depending on the testing conditions.

Measure Washability: After washing, measure how much of the gel is removed and what residues are left. The effectiveness of removal can be rated on a scale

RESULT AND DISCUSSION: 

The herbal gel was prepared and subjected to evaluation of the various parameters. The herbal gel was pale yellow in colour and translucent in appearance and had a cool and smooth feeling on application. pH also maintained constant throughout the study which was found to be 5.8 to 5.7 and the gel was non-irritant upon application on the skin. The gel was non-irritant upon application on to the skin.