School of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj University, Panvel, Navi Mumbai-410221, India
Mouth ulcer is a most common condition that we encounter. Clinically the disease is single or multiple superficial, deep sealed and are associated with microbial attack. Mouth ulcer is painful round or oval sores that form in the mouth. most common often on the inside of the cheeks or lips. In research work, mouth ulcer gels were formulated incorporating the liquorice extract and calendula using Carbapol 250 as the gelling agent. The prepared formulation was evaluated for various parameters like physical appearance, pH, spread ability, homogeneity, gelling temperature, viscosity, stability. The aim of present study to formulate and evaluate oral anti-ulcer gel from liquorice extract and calendula by using different concentration.
ULCER: -
An ulcer is a break in the continuity of the covering epithelial, either skin or mucous membrane with loss of surface tissue, necrosis of epithelial tissue is called as ulcer.
Types of ulcers: -
Mouth ulcer: -
A mouth ulcer is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral activity. They are painful round or oval sores that form in the mouth mainly on the inside the cheeks or lips. Mouth ulcer is very common and they occur in association with many diseases and by different mechanism, but usually there is no serious underlying cause.
Types of mouth ulcer:
1. Canker Sore: It is the most common type of mouth ulcer. It is caused due to biting your cheek, acidic food, etc. They are usually white or yellow with red around.
2. Leucoplakia: This condition causes white or grey patches inside your mouth. It is mainly caused due to smoking or chewing tobacco.
3. Oral Thrush: It commonly happens after antibiotic treatment or when your immune system isn't strong. Oral thrush causes red and creamy white mouth sores and patches
4. Erythroplakia: This condition caused due to smoking or chewing tobacco. Erythroplakia causes red patches behind the lower front teeth or under their tongue.
Factors responsible for mouth ulcer: -
GEL
Pharmaceutical gels are semisolid system in which there is interaction between colloidal particles within a liquid vehicle.
Gels are semisolid dosage form in that dispersion of small or la molecules in an aqueous liquid vehicle. They produce jelly like consistency by the addition of gelling agent.
Types of Gel:
1. Single phase gel system:
i] Hydrogels
ii] Organogels
2. Biphasic phase gel system
Advantages of Gels:
Disadvantages of Gels: -
REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
1. Swati Chauhan et al.,2017: Author was studied that the Glycyrrhizic acid is a widely used medicinal component as an anti-inflammatory agent, antiulcer agent, anti-allergy agent and anti-psoriatic agent. The present investigation deals with the extraction of Glycyrrhizic acid from liquorice roots and evaluating its in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity.
2. Jalal Bayati et al.,2013: Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn, a commonly used herb in ayurvedic medicine. Studies indicate that Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn possesses antibacterial, antioxidant, antimalarial, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyper glycaemic properties.
3. Sivakumar Annadurai et al.,2021: There are more than 30 species of Glycyrrhiza genus extensively spread worldwide. It was the most prescribed herb in Ancient Egyptian, Roman, Greek, East China, and the West from the Former Han era. There are various beneficial effects of liquorice root extracts, such as treating throat infections, tuberculosis, respiratory, liver diseases, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunodeficiency. On the other hand, traditional medicines are getting the attraction to treat many diseases.
4. Sundararaman p et al.,2018: Ulcer is a break in continuity of the epithelium brought about by molecular necrosis. Ulcers are most common in the oral region, for which the patient seeks help from their physician/dental surgeon. The presenting complaints are usually redness, burning sensation and/or pain. They can present in any part of the oral cavity but may be painful if it occurs in the movable area.
5. Shubham Mittal: The mouth ulcer often caused pain and discomfort and may alter the person choice of food while healing occurs. The two most common oral ulceration are Local trauma and Aphthous stomatitis. This review focuses on the causes of mouth ulcer, factors responsible for the mouth ulcer. As we know herbal medicine is the main stay of primary healthcare because of better culture acceptability, better compatibility with human body and lesser side effects.
6. Preethi and Kuttan, 2009: The authors demonstrated that Calendula officinalis extract shows strong wound-healing and anti-inflammatory activity by enhancing epithelial regeneration and reducing inflammatory mediators.
7. Parente et al., 2012: Their study confirmed that topical application of Calendula officinalis significantly accelerates wound healing and reduces inflammation, supporting its use in ulcer and mucosal lesion treatment.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: -
Aim: Formulation and Evaluation of oral herbal antiulcer gel from liquorice extract and calendula.
Objectives:
PLAN OF WORK:
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS: -
Materials:-
|
Sr. No |
Ingredients |
Role of ingredients |
|
1 |
Liquorice Extracts |
Enhancing mucosal defense |
|
2 |
Carbapol 250 |
Gelling agent |
|
3 |
Methyl paraben |
Preservative |
|
4 |
Propyl paraben |
Preservative |
|
5 |
Propylene glycol |
Stabilizer |
|
6 |
Triethanolamine |
Ph adjustment |
|
7 |
Distilled water |
Vehicle |
Equipment:-
|
Sr. No |
Equipments |
Manufacturer |
|
1 |
Beaker |
Borosil |
|
2 |
Glass rod |
Swift class compony |
|
3 |
Weighing balance |
Mettler toledo |
|
4 |
Mortar & pestle |
Vinayak art and marble |
|
5 |
Stirrer |
Jalisbo |
|
6 |
Water bath |
Arson |
|
7 |
Digital pH meter |
Lab Indian analytical instrument |
DRUG PROFILE: -
1. Liquorice root
Spanish liquorice is cultivated in Spain and Italy. The propagation plant is done with young pieces of stolons. Each piece should exhibit buds of aerial shoot. The dried roots of liquorice are purchased from market
Macroscopic Characteristics:
The roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn contain Glycyrrhizin acid
Sugars-Glucose, mannitol Resins, volatile oil
Medicinal and Therapeutic Uses: -
Digestive Health: It is used to help manage indigestion, heartburn, and peptic or mouth ulcers by increasing mucus production and promoting healing of the stomach lining.
Respiratory Health: The extract acts as a demulcent and expectorant, helping to soothe sore throats, calm coughs, and clear excess mucus from the respiratory tract.
Skin Conditions: Applied topically, it may help manage inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema, rosacea, and allergic dermatitis, and can help fade dark spots and hyperpigmentation.
2. Calendula
Calendula is cultivated in temperate regions. Fully bloomed flowers are collected and shade-dried. Dried flowers are purchased from the market.
Macroscopic Characteristics
RESULT:
The liquorice Extract and Calendula has been consistently reported to possess significant antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and mucoprotective properties due to the presence of bioactive constituents such as glycyrrhizin, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Studies indicate that liquorice enhances mucosal defence, promotes epithelial healing, and reduces inflammation and pain associated with oral ulcers.
Herbal formulations containing liquorice extract, particularly in gel dosage forms, have shown good patient acceptability, suitable physicochemical characteristics, and minimal local side effects when used topically. Overall, the literature supports the potential of liquorice-based oral gels as a safe and effective herbal alternative for the management of mouth ulcers.
7. CONCLUSION:
Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that they are safer with lesser side effects than the synthetics medicines. Nowadays herbal formulation have increasing demand in the world market It is very good attempt to establish herbal gel of liquorice and Calendula extract.
The gel formula exhibited good physiochemical evaluation parameters like physical appearance, pH, homogeneity, Spreadability, gelling temperature, stability, etc. In addition, it demonstrated good stability at room temperature easily prepared and store at room temperature. It in this works a suitable new herbal antiulcer topical gel formulation was proposed to enter into the mark.
REFERENCES
Harshada Kank, Saumya Singh, Harsh Yadav, Nilam Nile, Formulation and Evaluation of Oral Antiulcer Gel from Liquorice and Calendula Extract, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2026, Vol 4, Issue 5, 1162-1167. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20054864
10.5281/zenodo.20054864
