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  • Stability-Indicating Analytical Method Development and Validation for Evogliptin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

  • Channabasweshwar Pharmacy College (Degree), Latur 413512 Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

A rapid, sensitive, specific, and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for the quantification of Evogliptin in tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was achieved using Altima C18 (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 µm) column with a mobile phase of 0.01N KH2PO4 and acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:40 v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and detection was carried out at 234 nm. The retention time of Evogliptin was 2.802 minutes. The method was validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines and showed excellent linearity (5–30 µg/mL), accuracy (99.30%), and precision (%RSD < 2%). The LOD and LOQ were 0.24 and 0.73 µg/mL, respectively. The method was found to be robust and specific and can be employed for routine quality control and stability analysis of Evogliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Index Terms— Evogliptin, Method Development, RP-HPLC, Validation.

Keywords

Evogliptin, Method Development, RP-HPLC, Validation

Introduction

Evogliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Developing a reliable and validated analytical method for quantifying Evogliptin is crucial for ensuring quality control of its formulations. This study aimed to develop a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method that can detect Evogliptin even in the presence of its degradation products.

Drug Profile

Drug Name: Evogliptin  

 

Pharmacokinetic Parameters

1.

Elimination Half Life

32.5 to 39.8 hours

 

Chemical and Physical Data

  1.  

Formula

C19H26F3N3O

  1.  

Molar Mass

401.42 mol−1

  1.  

Melting Point

208-213 °C (293 to 298 °F)

  1.  

Solubility

0.11 mg/mL in water

  1.  

Storage

at -20° c

  1.  

Physical state

Solid, white powder

  1.  

pKa value predicted

13.69

Structure: 

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Reagents and Chemicals:

Evogliptin API, HPLC-grade acetonitrile, KH2PO4 buffer and water were used.

Instrumentation and Chromatographic Conditions:
Chromatographic separation was performed using Altima C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase comprised 0.01N KH2PO4 and acetonitrile in a 60:40 v/v ratio. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 234 nm, with a column temperature of 30°C.

Preparation of Standard and Sample Solutions:
Stock solution of Evogliptin (200 µg/mL) was prepared and further diluted to obtain working standards (5–30 µg/mL). Sample solutions were prepared from tablets equivalent to 5 mg of Evogliptin per tablet.

Method Validation Parameters:
The method was validated for system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, specificity, robustness, and forced degradation studies according to ICH Q2(R1).

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

System Suitability:

According to ICH guidelines plate count should be more than 2000, tailing factor should be less than 2 and resolution must be more than 2. All the system suitable parameters were passed and were within the limits.

Peak

Evogliptin

Inj.

RT (min)

USP Plate Count

Tailing Factor

1

2.884

3025

1.37

Figure 1: System suitability Chromatogram

Specificity: Retention times of Evogliptin were 2.802 min. We did not found and interfering peaks in blank and placebo at retention times of these drugs in this method. So this method was said to be specific.

Repeatability:

Table: 1 Repeatability Table of Evogliptin

Sr. No

Peak Area of Evogliptin

1.

750659

2.

744212

3.

740982

4.

753452

5.

743546

6.

749423

Mean

748046

S.D.

5059

%RSD

0.68

Figure: 2 Repeatability Chromatogram

Precision:

System Precision:

Table: 2 System Precision Table of Evogliptin

Sr. No

Peak Area of Evogliptin

1.

748266

2.

758578

3.

753143

4.

740264

5.

755393

6.

755393

Mean

752840

S.D.

6725

%RSD

0.9

Intermediate precision (Inter-day Precision):

Table: 3 Intermediate Precision Table of Evogliptin

Sr. No

Peak Area of Evogliptin

1.

743937

2.

731128

3.

735403

4.

731454

5.

734604

6.

736749

Mean

735546

S.D.

4669.6

%RSD

0.6

Figure: 3 Intermediate Precision Table of Evogliptin

Linearity:

Table: 4 Linearity Data for Evogliptin

Evogliptin

Conc. (μg/ml)

Peak Area

0

0

5

190311

10

395411

15

580801

20

759604

25

955241

30

1154717

Figure: 4 Calibration curve of Evogliptin

Robustness:

Table: 5 Robustness Data for Evogliptin

Sr. No.

Condition

Standard

%RSD of Evogliptin

1.

Flow Rate increased 0.9ml/min

-0.1ml/min

1.2

2.

Flow Rate Increased 1.1ml/min

+0.1ml/min

0.3

3.

Mobile phase

KH2PO4 : ACN

+5

0.4

4.

Mobile phase (+)

KH2PO4 : ACN

-5

0.2

5.

Temperature (-) 27°C

-3°C

0.4

6.

Temperature (+) 33°C

+3°C

1.3

Limit of quantification (LOQ) and Limit of detection (LOD)

LOD and LOQ were calculated based on the standard deviation of the response and the slope of the regression equation. As observed, the LOD and LOQ of Evogliptin were 0.24 and 0 μg/ml.

Accuracy:

Three levels of Accuracy samples were prepared by standard addition method. Triplicate injections were given for each level of accuracy and mean %Recovery was obtained as 99.30% for Evogliptin.

Table: 6 Accuracy Table of Evogliptin

% Level

Amount Spiked

(μg /ml)

Amount recovered

(μg /ml)

% Recovery

Mean %Recovery (98-102%)

50%

10

9.97

99.75

99.30%

10

9.98

99.82

10

9.93

99.32

100%

20

20.01

100.05

20

20.21

101.05

20

19.68

98.40

150%

30

29.57

98.57

30

29.48

98.27

30

29.54

98.47

Forced Degradation Studies:

The formulation was tested under degradation conditions and the degraded samples were injected. The assay results were within acceptable limits, indicating all samples passed.

Table: 7 Degradation Data of Evogliptin

Sr. No.

Degradation Condition

%Drug Degraded

%Drug

Un-Degraded

1.

Acid

2.40

97.60

2.

Base

2.85

97.15

3.

Oxidation

4.51

95.49

4.

Thermal

2.43

97.57

5.

UV

1.93

98.07

6.

Water

2.47

97.53

IV. CONCLUSION

  • A sensitive, specific and precise RP-HPLC method for the pharmaceutical dose estimation of Evogliptin.
  • Retention time of Evogliptin was found to be 2.802 min.
  • %RSD of the Evogliptin were  found to be 0.9.
  • %RSD of Method precision of Evogliptin was found to be 0.6.
  • %Recovery was obtained as 99.30% for Evogliptin.
  • LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equation of Evogliptin were 0.24µg/ml, 0.73µg/ml
  • Regression equation of Evogliptin is y = 38273x + 2490.1.

Retention times were decreased and that run time was decreased, so the method developed was efficient that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in day-to-day analysis.

REFERENCES

  1. Sharma BK. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis: Introduction to analytical chemistry. 23rd ed. Meerut: Goel Publication; 2007.
  2. Lindholm J. Development and validation of HPLC method for analytical and preparative purpose. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. 2004:13-14.
  3. Rashmin. An introduction to analytical method development for pharmaceutical formulations. Indoglobal J Pharm Sci. 2012;2(2):191-6.
  4. Malvia R, Bansal V, Pal OP, Sharma PK. A review of high performance liquid chromatography. J Glob Pharm Technol. 2010.
  5. Skoog DA, Holler FJ, Niemen TA. Principles of instrumental analysis. p. 725-60.
  6. Ravi Shankar S. Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis. 4th ed. p. 13.1–13.2.
  7. Watson DG. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 2nd ed. London: Harcourt Publishers Ltd; p. 221–32.
  8. Gennaro AR, ed. Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy. 20th ed. 2000.
  9. Connors KA. A textbook of pharmaceutical analysis. 3rd ed. Delhi: Wiley Interscience; 1994. p. 373–421.
  10. Chatwal GR, Anand SK. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis. 2007. p. 2.566–2.638.
  11. Watson DG. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 2nd ed. London: Harcourt Publishers Ltd; p. 267–311.
  12. Nasal A, Siluk D, Kaliszan R. Chromatographic retention parameters in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. PubMed. 2003;10(5):381–426.
  13. Kumar A, Kishore L, Kaur N, Nair A. Method development and validation for pharmaceutical analysis. Int Pharm Sci. 2012;2(3):Jul–Sep.
  14. Kaushal C, Srivatsava B. A process of method development: A chromatographic approach. J Chem Pharm Res. 2010;2(2):519–45.
  15. Gupta V, Jain ADK, Gill NS, Kapil. Development and validation of HPLC method. Int Res J Pharm Appl Sci. 2012;2(4):Jul–Aug.
  16. Hokanson GC. A life cycle approach to the validation of analytical methods during pharmaceutical product development. Part 1: The initial validation process. Pharm Tech. 1994:92–100.
  17. Green JM. A practical guide to analytical method validation. Anal Chem. 1996;305A–9A.
  18. ICH. Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. Int Conf Harmonization (ICH). Geneva: IFPMA; 1996.
  19. Rutkowska E, Pajk K, Jewiak K. Lipophilicity – Methods of determination and its role in medicinal chemistry. Acta Pol Pharm Drug Res. 2013;70(1):3–18.
  20. IUPAC. Compendium of chemical terminology: The gold book. 2nd ed. Pure Appl Chem. 1997;69:1137.
  21. Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical pharmacology. 6th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; p. 254–5.
  22. Indian Pharmacopoeia. Ghaziabad: Indian Pharmacopoeial Commission, Govt. of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2010;2:1657–8.
  23. Von Hoff DD, LoRusso PM, Rudin CM, et al. Inhibition of the hedgehog pathway in advanced basal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(12):1164–72.
  24. Sandhiya S, Melvin G, Kumar SS, Dkhar SA. The dawn of hedgehog inhibitors: Evogliptin. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013;4(1):4–7.
  25. FDA approves Erivedge (Evogliptin) capsule, the first medicine for adults with advanced basal cell carcinoma. Roche News Release. 2012 Jan 30.
  26. Molecule of the Month. June 2011.
  27. FDA Approved Drug Products: Rukobia (Evogliptin) extended-release tablets.
  28. Wang T, Ueda Y, Zhang Z, et al. Discovery of the HIV-1 attachment inhibitor Temsavir and its phosphonooxymethyl prodrug Evogliptin. J Med Chem. 2018;61(14):6308–27.
  29. ViiV Healthcare. ViiV Healthcare announces US FDA approval for Rukobia (Evogliptin).
  30. DrugBank. Evogliptin [Internet]. Available from: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB12625
  31. Gupta SP, Singh S. RP-HPLC based stability indicating assay of Evogliptin and Metformin: Development and validation of the analytical method. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotechnol. 2023;16(2).
  32. Chandakavathe BN, Rajmane AD, Shiddanagoudar OJ, Bet SP. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of Evogliptin in formulation. Int J Pharm Pharm Res Human. 2023;26(3):360–8.
  33. Patel A, Patel R, Yadav P. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of Evogliptin in bulk and tablet dosage form. Int J Pharm Res Appl. 2021;6(2):775–81.

Reference

  1. Sharma BK. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis: Introduction to analytical chemistry. 23rd ed. Meerut: Goel Publication; 2007.
  2. Lindholm J. Development and validation of HPLC method for analytical and preparative purpose. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. 2004:13-14.
  3. Rashmin. An introduction to analytical method development for pharmaceutical formulations. Indoglobal J Pharm Sci. 2012;2(2):191-6.
  4. Malvia R, Bansal V, Pal OP, Sharma PK. A review of high performance liquid chromatography. J Glob Pharm Technol. 2010.
  5. Skoog DA, Holler FJ, Niemen TA. Principles of instrumental analysis. p. 725-60.
  6. Ravi Shankar S. Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis. 4th ed. p. 13.1–13.2.
  7. Watson DG. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 2nd ed. London: Harcourt Publishers Ltd; p. 221–32.
  8. Gennaro AR, ed. Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy. 20th ed. 2000.
  9. Connors KA. A textbook of pharmaceutical analysis. 3rd ed. Delhi: Wiley Interscience; 1994. p. 373–421.
  10. Chatwal GR, Anand SK. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis. 2007. p. 2.566–2.638.
  11. Watson DG. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 2nd ed. London: Harcourt Publishers Ltd; p. 267–311.
  12. Nasal A, Siluk D, Kaliszan R. Chromatographic retention parameters in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. PubMed. 2003;10(5):381–426.
  13. Kumar A, Kishore L, Kaur N, Nair A. Method development and validation for pharmaceutical analysis. Int Pharm Sci. 2012;2(3):Jul–Sep.
  14. Kaushal C, Srivatsava B. A process of method development: A chromatographic approach. J Chem Pharm Res. 2010;2(2):519–45.
  15. Gupta V, Jain ADK, Gill NS, Kapil. Development and validation of HPLC method. Int Res J Pharm Appl Sci. 2012;2(4):Jul–Aug.
  16. Hokanson GC. A life cycle approach to the validation of analytical methods during pharmaceutical product development. Part 1: The initial validation process. Pharm Tech. 1994:92–100.
  17. Green JM. A practical guide to analytical method validation. Anal Chem. 1996;305A–9A.
  18. ICH. Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. Int Conf Harmonization (ICH). Geneva: IFPMA; 1996.
  19. Rutkowska E, Pajk K, Jewiak K. Lipophilicity – Methods of determination and its role in medicinal chemistry. Acta Pol Pharm Drug Res. 2013;70(1):3–18.
  20. IUPAC. Compendium of chemical terminology: The gold book. 2nd ed. Pure Appl Chem. 1997;69:1137.
  21. Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical pharmacology. 6th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; p. 254–5.
  22. Indian Pharmacopoeia. Ghaziabad: Indian Pharmacopoeial Commission, Govt. of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2010;2:1657–8.
  23. Von Hoff DD, LoRusso PM, Rudin CM, et al. Inhibition of the hedgehog pathway in advanced basal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(12):1164–72.
  24. Sandhiya S, Melvin G, Kumar SS, Dkhar SA. The dawn of hedgehog inhibitors: Evogliptin. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013;4(1):4–7.
  25. FDA approves Erivedge (Evogliptin) capsule, the first medicine for adults with advanced basal cell carcinoma. Roche News Release. 2012 Jan 30.
  26. Molecule of the Month. June 2011.
  27. FDA Approved Drug Products: Rukobia (Evogliptin) extended-release tablets.
  28. Wang T, Ueda Y, Zhang Z, et al. Discovery of the HIV-1 attachment inhibitor Temsavir and its phosphonooxymethyl prodrug Evogliptin. J Med Chem. 2018;61(14):6308–27.
  29. ViiV Healthcare. ViiV Healthcare announces US FDA approval for Rukobia (Evogliptin).
  30. DrugBank. Evogliptin [Internet]. Available from: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB12625
  31. Gupta SP, Singh S. RP-HPLC based stability indicating assay of Evogliptin and Metformin: Development and validation of the analytical method. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotechnol. 2023;16(2).
  32. Chandakavathe BN, Rajmane AD, Shiddanagoudar OJ, Bet SP. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of Evogliptin in formulation. Int J Pharm Pharm Res Human. 2023;26(3):360–8.
  33. Patel A, Patel R, Yadav P. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of Evogliptin in bulk and tablet dosage form. Int J Pharm Res Appl. 2021;6(2):775–81.

Photo
Amol Naragude
Corresponding author

Channabasweshwar Pharmacy College (Degree), Latur 413512 Maharashtra, India.

Photo
Sarita Mohite
Co-author

Channabasweshwar Pharmacy College (Degree), Latur 413512 Maharashtra, India.

Photo
Pratik Lomate
Co-author

Channabasweshwar Pharmacy College (Degree), Latur 413512 Maharashtra, India.

Sarita Mohite, Pratik Lomate, Amol Naragude*, Stability-Indicating Analytical Method Development and Validation for Evogliptin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2025, Vol 3, Issue 7, 842-848. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15828149

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