Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai
The primary goal of this review is to create and evaluate an herbal shampoo, as well as to discover its physiochemical function, with a focus on the product's safety, efficacy, and quality. Herbal Shampoo is a natural haircare solution that removes grease, dirt, and dandruff while also encouraging hair growth, strength, and darkness. It is also provide softness, smoothness, and shines for the hair. Various drugs are used for the preparation of cosmetics shampoo. Such drug shows various side effects such as hair loss, increased scaling, scratching, discomfort, nausea and headache. Therefore an attempt is made to formulate herbal shampoo that is free from side effects. . Herbal shampoo was prepared by simple mixing process. The herbal shampoo was tested for physicochemical properties. Some of methods are visual inspection, pH determination, solubility check, cleansing action, determination of percentage solid content etc. The combination of several such ingredient of herbal origin has made it possible to secure highly effective dry powder shampoo. The formulation at laboratory scale was done and evaluated for number of parameters to ensure its safety and efficacy. The current review deals with the enormous amount of scientific research, reports and patents available in different aspects of the herbal hair oil for the treatment of hair disorders. The outcomes show that the shampoo's conditioning effectiveness is good and on par with shampoo that is readily accessible in stores. To increase its quality and safety, though, more study and development are needed.
Hair is one of the vital parts of the body derived from ectoderm of the skin and is protective appendages on the body and considered accessory structure of the integument along with sebaceous glands, sweat glands and nails. They are also known as epidermal derivatives as they originate from the epidermis during embryological development. Hair is an important part of the overall appeal of the human body. The primary function of shampoo is aimed at cleanse the hair necessitated due to accumulated sebum, dust, scalp debris, etc. Various shampoo formulations are associated with hair quality, hair care habits, and specific problems such as the treatment of oily hairs, dandruff, and for androgenic alopecia. Shampoos are liquid, creamy, or gel-like preparations. shampoo go well beyond simply cleansing the scalp. In addition to cleaning, it makes the hair manageable, simple to comb, and convenient to use. When used, hair products clean both your scalp and hair when applied to the scalp. Shampoos made from herbs are incredibly good for hair. same to ordinary shampoo, herbal shampoos are made from natural ingredients and intended to clean the hair and scalp. Since there are no surfactants used, these shampoos are stable, have less negative side effects, and are safer than synthetic shampoo.
History
In the Indian subcontinent, a variety of herbs and their extracts have been used as shampoos since ancient times. A very effective early shampoo was made by boiling Sapindus with dried Indian gooseberry (amla) and a selection of other herbs, using the strained extract. Sapindus, also known as soapberries or soapnuts, a tropical tree widespread in India, is called ksuna[3].In ancient Indian texts and its fruit pulp contains saponins which are a natural surfactant. The extract of soapberries creates a lather which Indian texts called phenaka[4]. It leaves the hair soft, shiny and manageable. Other products used for hair cleansing were shikakai (Acacia concinna), hibiscus flowers,[5][6] ritha (Sapindusmukorossi) and arappu (Albizzia amara)[7].Guru Nanak, the founder and the first Guru of Sikhism, made references to soapberry tree and soap in the 16th century.
Herbal shampoo
Shampoos are generally likely utilized as embellishing It is a hair care item that is utilized for purify scalp and hair in our regular routine. Shampoos are in all probability used as embellishing specialists Furthermore, are tacky arrangement of cleansers containing reasonable added substances additives and dynamic Fixings. It is generally applied on wet hair, Massaging into the hair, and purged by rinsing with water. The motivation behind this study was intended to formulate a herbal shampoo and evaluate its physicochemical properties. The prepared formulation is also compared with the marketed shampoo. Few tests such as Physical appearance pH, wetting time, % of solid contents, foam volume and foaming stability, surface tension, dirt dispersion etc. were done for both herbal formulation and synthetic formulation.
Requirements of Shampoo
It should not harm the hair or scalp and shouldn't be poisonous. Sebum and environmental toxins ought to be eliminated from scalp hair. It ought should be simple to remove after rinsing with water. To meet the user's expectations, it ought to deliver the ideal amount of foam. It ought to get rid of any leftovers from earlier hair styling lotion and spray applications.
Ideal characteristic of a shampoo
Classification of shampoo:
Ideal properties of herbal shampoo
Functions of Shampoo
Formulation of herbal shampoo
Formulation of the herbal shampoo was done as per the formula given in Table 1. To the gelatin solution (10%), added the herbal extract and mixed by shaking continuously at the time interval of 20 min. 1 ml of lemon juice was also added with constant stirring. To improve aroma in the formulation, sufficient quantity of essential oil (rose oil) was added and made up the volume to 100 ml with gelatin.
Preparation of herbal shampoo
Table No. 01 Formula Of Shampoo
Procedure: -
Fenugreek
Fig 1 Fenugreek
Biological source –
Dried ripe seeds of Trigoneliafoenum graecum.
Family –
Leguminosae.
Uses –
Promotes hair growth
Reetha
Fig 2 Reetha
Biological source –
Dried fruits of Sapindusmukorossi.
Family –
Sapindaceae .
Uses –
detergent cleansing agent and antidandruff.
Shikakai
Fig 3 Shikakai
Biological source –
dried pores of acasiaconcinna .
Family –
Mimosaceae.
Uses –
foam base cleansing agent and anti dandruff .
Neem
Fig 4 Neem
Biological source –
dried leaves of azadirachta indica.
Family –
Miliaceae.
Uses –
prevent the dryness of hair and flaking of hair.
Amla
Fig 5 Amla
Biological source –
dried ripe fruit of Embolicoffcinalis.
Family –
Euphorbiceae.
Uses –
Darkening of hair and hair growth promotor .
Evaluation of Shampoo
Developed formulation was diluted using distilled water to prepare a sample with 10 % concentration. The prepared sample was checked for pH using a digital pH meter at room temperature 30±2°C.
Fig 6 ph test
Foaming ability was evaluated using the cylinder shake method.3ml of shampoo was taken, and 10ml of water was added to dilute it. Shake the cylinder vigorously in under a second twice, then leave it alone for 15 uninterrupted minutes. After shaking, the total volume of foam content was measured. Only the foam volume was computed. The amount of foam produced immediately after shaking was measured four times, every one minute. The foam volume remained constant over the course of around 5 minutes, demonstrating that the shampoo's foam generation process produces foam that is both stable and exhibits higher foam properties.
Fig 7 Foaming ability and foam stability test
The cleaned stalagmometer was filled to mark A with the prepared shampoo that would be tested. The amount of drips that the liquid will produce as it travels from mark A to mark B was then computed once it started to rain owing to gravity. To determine the mean value, the process was performed three times. The surface tension can then be determined using the formula.
Fig 8 Surface Tension Test
The length of time the canvas paper needed to soak up all the water was determined as the wetting time. A disc with a 1-inch diameter was made from a piece of canvas paper weighing 0.44g.The canvas paper disc was placed over the shampoo (1% v/v) surface, and the amount of time it took for the paper to sink was calculated using a stopwatch.
Fig 9 Wetting test
The stability of the formulation was studied for a period of 4 weeks by keeping at temperature of 25-30oC. The shampoo is free from microbial contamination and remains stable at room temperature.
Weighing a piece of dry, clean China, we added 4 ml of shampoo. The shampoo-filled dish was weighed. It was computed how much shampoo exactly weighed. The shampoo-filled porcelain dish was placed on the hot plate and left there until the liquid evaporated. After drying, the weight was calculated.
The viscosity of the shampoo was determined by using Brookfield Viscometer LVDV Prime-I. The viscosity of shampoo was measured at room temperature i.e. 30±2°C with varying rpm and torque.
Table no.02 evaluation of shampoo
DISCUSSION
Herbal shampoo formulation is mainly composed of herbal extracts which were found as rich source of useful chemical constituents. Parts of plants such as Reetha, had been reported hair growth, anti-dandruff, cleansing and conditioning actions. All the required quantity was collected and the necessary evaluation parameters shown positive and acceptable results. The results depicted in study shows that when these herbal extracts are incorporated in shampoo it gives effective product with good appearance and patient compliance. The pH of shampoo is good which helps in improving the hair texture and maintains the pH of scalp. The evaluation parameters like visual inspection, pH determination, solubility check, viscosity determination, surface tension measurement etc. are carried out and the results were good.
CONCLUSION
The present study was carried out to prepare an herbal shampoo that reduces hair loss during combing, is safer than chemical conditioning agents as well as strengthens hair growth. Herbal shampoo was formulated with the aqueous extract of medicinal plants that are commonly used for cleansing hair traditionally. Use of conditioning agents (synthetic) reduces protein or hair loss. To provide effective conditioning effects, the present study involves the use of shikakai, amla, and other plant extracts instead of synthetic ones. cationic conditioners. The main purpose behind this investigation was to develop a stable and functionally effective shampoo by excluding all types of synthetic additives, which are normally incorporated in such formulations. To evaluate for good product performance of the prepared shampoo, many tests were performed. The results of the evaluation study of the developed shampoo revealed a comparable result for the quality control test, but further scientific validation is needed for its overall quality.
REFERENCE: -
Rishi Kumar, Chandraprabha Dewangan, Harish Sharma, Gyanesh Kumar Sahu, A Review on Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2024, Vol 2, Issue 5, 1050-1057. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11234455
10.5281/zenodo.11234455
