Development Of Herbal Hand Sanitizer Gel Using Ocimum Sanctum and Neem Extract

1.1 Herbal

Plants have been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, and many modern drugs have been derived from plants. In addition to antibiotics, plants also contain compounds that have antiviral, anti-fungal, and anti inflammatory properties1,2. For example, tea tree oil is a natural antiseptic that has been used to treat wounds and skin infections. Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory properties that make it effective in treating burns and other skin conditions. Some other plants that have been studied for their antibacterial properties include garlic, turmeric, and honey3,4. However, it is important to note that not all plant-based treatments are safe or effective, therefore it is always best to consult a healthcare professional before using any herbal remedies .¹

1.2 Hand Sanitizer

Hand hygiene plays a critical role in preventing the Spread of infections, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional alcohol-based Sanitizers, although effective, often lead to Dryness, irritation, and allergic reactions upon Frequent use. This has led to increased interest in Developing natural, plant-based sanitizers with Anti-microbial properties and minimal side effects. ²

The most important aspect of the infection control activity is the hand hygiene. There is an ongoing problem of healthcare associated infections which also includes multi-drug resistant infections. Hand hygiene can significantly reduce the risk of cross contamination. Skin is the most exposed part of the body so it can be contagious. The main aim is to prepare and evaluate polyhedral sanitizer from commonly available plants. ³

There are different types of hand sanitizer available commercially, liquid, gel or foam form, whereas they differ based on the compositions, alcohol based (contain combination of isopropyl alcohol, ethanol (ethyl alcohol) or n propranolol, with versions containing 60% to 95% alcohol) or herb based. The sanitizer may be less effective due to incorrectly wiping out hands before sanitizer dries or if concentrations of alcohol too low in sanitizer. The correct way of using of hand sanitizer is first by applying on palm of the hand and then rub the product over the surfaces of hands and fingers until hands are dry. Compounds such as glycerol may be added to prevent drying of the skin . In some sanitizers fragrances are added, but it is discouraged due to the risk of allergic reactions. ⁴

Neem and Tulsi have been traditionally recognized for their antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal Activities. Aloe vera provides moisturizing and Healing benefits, while Turmeric offers Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Orange essential oil not only enhances the Fragrance but also adds antimicrobial strength. Incorporating these herbal extracts in a hand Sanitizer formulation could yield a safer, eco-friendly, and effective personal hygiene product. ⁵

1.3 Benefits of Herbal Hands Sanitizer:

 1. It is a safe and eco-friendly.

2. It is a moisturizing product.

3. Dryness of the skin is less.

4. Herbal product provides an extra beneficial effect.

5. Less side effect compared to synthetic hand sanitizer.

6. Made from plant that are easily available.

7. Herbal hand sanitizer can decrease about 96% of bacteria. ⁶

1.4 Types of Hand Sanitizer

• Hand Sanitizers Can Usually Be Divided into Two Types:

 A) Alcohol-Free Hand Sanitizer

 B) Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer ⁷

 

 

FIG NO. 1.1 Type of Hand Sanitizer

 

 

Fig No. 1.2 Mechanism of Action

 

     

 

Fig No :2. 1    Neem (Azaardirchata Indica)

1. Common Name- Nimba, Margosa Tree, Indian Lilac.
2. Scientific Name -Azardica Indica

3.Family-Meliaceae

4. Bilogical source -It consists of the fresh and dried leaves, bark, seeds, and oil of Azadirachta indica.

5. Geographical Source-Widely found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, andtropical regions Common in rural and urban areas of India

6. Uses

Antibacterial – used in skin infections, acne

Antifungal – treats dandruff and fungal infections

 

 

Fig  No :  2.2   Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum)

1. Common Name: Tulsi,Holy BasilSacred Basil

2. Scientific Name: Ocimum sanctum (also called Ocimum tenuiflorum)

3. Family: Lamiaceae

4. Biological Source:

It consists of the fresh and dried leaves and flowering tops of Ocimum sanctum.

5. Geographical Source:

Widely distributed in India and tropical regions of Asia

Commonly grown in houses and gardens in India

6.Uses

Used in herbal sanitizer, medicines, teas, and cosmetics

 

 

Fig No : 2. 3  Carbapol 940

1. Common Name: Carbopol 940, Carbomer, Polyacrylic acid polymer

2. Chemical Name: Carbomer 940 (Cross-linked polyacrylic acid)

3.Category: Synthetic polymer (gelling agent)

4. Source: Synthetic origin (prepared by chemical polymerisation of acrylic acid)

5. Uses:

• Used as a gelling agent
• Provides thickness and viscosity

 

 

Fig No:2.4  Triethalamine

1. Common Name: Triethylamine (TEA)
2. Chemical Name: Triethylamine
3. Chemical Formula: C₆H₁₅N
4. Category: Organic base (alkaline compound)

                  Neutralizing agent

5. Source: Synthetic (prepared chemically in industry)
6.  Uses:

• Acts as a neutralizer

3.METHODOLOGY

INGREDIENT USE IN HERBAL HAND SANITIZER

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OF NEEM AND TULSI

6.EVALUATION TEST

1. Organoleptic properties

characteristics of a formulation that can be evaluated by human senses such as sight, smell, and touch.

Parameters:

➤ Color

Herbal gels (Neem, Tulsi) may appear light green or pale green.

.➤ Odor

The formulation should have a pleasant and mild fragrance.

➤ Appearance

The gel should be clear or slightly translucent.

Should have a smooth and elegant look.

➤ Texture / Consistency

The gel should be smooth and homogeneous.

2 . PH

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a formulation. It indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions present in the solution.

Ideal pH Range

The ideal pH for herbal hand sanitizer gel is 5.5 to 7.

This range is compatible with human skin.

Helps maintain the natural skin barrier.

3. Spreadability

Spreadability depends on the viscosity and consistency of the gel.

Lower resistance → better spreadability

Proper balance is required for effective application

50. Method of determination

1. Place gel between two glass slides
2. Apply weight
3. Measure time for slides to separate

4. Antimicrobial activity

Antimicrobial activity is the ability of the gel to inhibit or kill microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.

RESULT

The herbal hand sanitizer gel containing Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) and Neem extract was successfully prepared and evaluated. The formulation showed good appearance, smooth texture, pleasant odor, and suitable pH for skin application. The sanitizer spread easily on the skin and dried quickly without causing irritation.

The antimicrobial activity study indicated that the formulation was effective against common microorganisms due to the antibacterial properties of Tulsi and Neem extracts. The prepared herbal sanitizer also showed good stability during storage and was safe for regular use.

Evaluation test

1)Organoleptic property

1. Color : Light green
2. Odor : Pleasant
3. Texture : Smooth

2) PH test : 6.5

3)Spreadabilitytest : The sanitizer spread easily and uniformly on the skin

CONCLUSION

The present study concluded that the herbal hand sanitizer gel containing Neem and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) extracts was successfully formulated and evaluated. The prepared formulations showed good appearance, smooth consistency, pleasant odor, suitable pH, good spreadability, and easy washability.

Among all formulations, F5 showed the best antimicrobial activity due to the higher concentration of herbal extracts. The formulation was also found to be stable and safe for skin application without causing irritation or dryness.

REFERENCES

1. Vishal Verma, Deepak Choudhary, Ashima Chandel, Sujata Thakur, Dr. Rajesh Gupta “ FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND SANITIZER”  Volume 8, Issue 4 April 2023 Page No 25.
2. Bhoomi Sandeep Gupta, Anwesha Garnaik, Gita Mohire “ FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND SANITIZER CONTAINING GILOY (TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA)” 2025 JETIR October, Volume 12
3. Dingar Amrut, Deshmukh Swamini, Fulpagare Nishant, Namita Jadhav, Jitendra More, Atish Salunkhe “ Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hand Sanitizer” 2025, Vol 3, Page no 545.
4. Jyotsana Singh Chandravanshi1,2, Shazia Mansoor1, Asha Agarwal2, Rupa Guha Nandi2 and N. Ganesh1 “ Formulation of herbal hand sanitizer from Indian herbs”
5. Dingar Amrut, Deshmukh Swamini, Fulpagare Nishant, Namita Jadhav, Jitendra More, Atish Salunkhe “ Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hand Sanitizer” 2025, Vol 3, Page no 545.
6. Bhoomi Sandeep Gupta, Anwesha Garnaik, Gita Mohire “ FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND SANITIZER CONTAINING GILOY” (TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA)” 2025 JETIR October, Volume 12.
7. Abhishekh S. Godage, Prashant S. Misal, Rupali R. Bendgude. “REVIEW ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND SANITIZER” Volume 2, Issue 2 February 2024 Page no237.
8. Tejasvee R.Shinde,Guided By  Mr. Dattaprasad N. Vikhe “ Herbal hand sanitizer: A review” Volume 7, Issue 2 Mar-Apr 2022 page no 493