Formulation And Evaluation O Herbal Neem Face Wash Powder

Fig. Neem

• Aloe vera

Synonyms: Ghritkumari, Barbados aloe

Biological Source: Dried juice and leaves of Aloe barbadensis Miller

Family: Liliaceae

Chemical Constituents: Aloin, Aloe-emodin, Polysaccharides, Vitamins, Enzymes, Amino acids.

Aloe Vera is famous because of its moisturizing, soothing, healing, and anti-inflammatory effects.

 This herb consists of several useful elements like vitamins, enzymes, minerals, amino acids, and polysaccharides that provide nutrition to the skin. This herb keeps the skin moisturized and avoids any kind of dryness caused by the cleaning process of the skin. Moreover, aloe vera reduces irritation, redness, and inflammation of the skin while promoting regeneration. The soothing quality of aloe vera makes the skin soft, smooth, and fresh

Fig . Aloe Vera

• Gram flour  

Synonyms: Besan, Chickpea flour

Biological Source: Powder obtained from dried seeds of Cicer arietinum

Family: Fabaceae

Chemical Constituents: Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Vitamins, Minerals, Starch.                  

Gram Flour is a natural cleansing agent which is used in making home-made skin care products and ubtan. It is made by grinding chickpeas and is popular due to its cleansing and exfoliating qualities. Gram flour cleanses the skin by removing all kinds of dirt, extra oil, dead cells, and other pollutants from the surface of the skin. The natural hydration level of the skin is not affected. Gram flour makes the skin smooth and soft. It can be used frequently and is non-irritating for the skin                                                                                    

Fig. Gram Flour

• Multani mitti

Synonyms: Fuller's earth, Bleaching clay

Biological Source: Natural sedimentary clay rich in minerals

Family: Hydrated aluminium silicate (clay mineral group)

Chemical Constituents: Silica, Alumina, Magnesium, Calcium, Iron oxides, Quartz.

Multani Mitti is a naturally occurring mineral rich clay, commonly used in herbal and cosmetic formulations. It is valued for its great oil absorbing, cleansing and cooling properties. Multani mitti helps in removing excess sebum, dirt, sweat and impurities from clogged skin pores. It is particularly useful for oily and acne prone skin. It improves blood circulation, refreshes the skin and improves skin complexion. The cooling effect soothes irritated skin and gives a refreshing feeling after use. These properties make multani mitti an important ingredient in herbal face cleansing products.

Fig.Multani Mitti

• Rose Petals                   

 Synonyms: Gulab, Rose flower powder

Biological Source: Dried petals of Rosa species

Family: Rosaceae

Chemical Constituents: Flavonoids, Tannins, Anthocyanins, Essential oils, Phenolic compounds.   

Powder of rose petals is an extensively used component in herbal cosmetics due to its relaxing, cooling, and refreshing nature. This compound tones and rejuvenates the skin, while at the same time alleviating any irritation or redness caused by the application. The presence of antioxidants in rose petals assists in protecting the skin from external influences and contributing to its healthy look. Besides its effects on skin health, the powder of rose petals also contributes a fresh fragrance to the preparation, improving its appea                                                                 

Fig. Rose petals

• Sandalwood

Synonyms: Chandan, White sandalwood

Biological Source: Heartwood of Santalum album tree

Family: Santalaceae

Chemical Constituents: Santalol (α & β), Santalenes, Santalene alcohols, Resins, Essential oils.   

The use of sandalwood in Ayurvedic medicinal and cosmetic formulations has existed for a long time. It contains antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cooling, and soothing attributes that ensure healthy skin. The sandalwood powder helps in reducing acne, skin inflammation, rashes, and redness and promotes good skin tone and texture. Sandalwood offers a soothing sensation, which alleviates any skin irritation. Besides, it adds the unique natural scent of sandalwood, which gives the herbal face wash powder a pleasant sensory experience.

Fig. sandalwood

• Rice Flour                   

Synonyms: Chawal ka atta, Rice powder

Biological Source: Finely milled grains of Oryza sativa

Family: poaceae

Chemical Constituents: Starch, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins (B-complex), Minerals.       

Rice Flour functions as a natural skin scrubbing and lightening ingredient in herbal cosmetic formulations. It scrubs dead skin cells and other impurities off the skin, thus making it smoother. The product is useful in eliminating extra oil on the skin, making its cleansing properties deep. The presence of nutrients and antioxidants contributes to healthy skin texture maintenance. Its abrasive nature makes it an excellent natural skin scrubber that does not irritate the skin.

Fig. Rice Flour

• Turmeric 

Synonyms: Haldi, Indian saffron

Biological Source: Dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa

Family: Zingiberaceae

Chemical Constituents: Curcumin, Curcuminoids, Volatile oils, Tumerone, Atlanone.

 Turmeric is an extensively used herb that is renowned for its antiseptic, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. Curcumin, which is the main compound present in turmeric, is effective in treating acne, dark pigments, inflammation, and infections of the skin. Turmeric also assists in promoting wound healing and enhances the overall quality of the skin. Due to its antioxidant nature, turmeric aids in protecting the skin from oxidative damage caused by free radicals.

• Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)

Synonyms: Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), SLS

Biological Source: Synthetic surfactant derived from lauryl alcohol (from coconut/palm oil)

Family: Anionic surfactant

Chemical Constituents: Sodium salt of dodecyl sulfate (C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na)

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is an ingredient that is widely used as surfactant as well as foaming agent in cleansing products. The mechanism of action of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is its property to reduce surface tension to clean off dirt, oils, perspiration, and other impurities from the skin’s surface. In case of herbal neem face wash powder, some amount of SLS is added to aid in washing off. Even though the face wash powder consists mainly of herbal ingredients, addition of SLS aids in washing process

Fig. Turmeric

Fig.Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)

5. HISTORY

Herbal face wash powder is derived from ancient Ayurvedic skincare traditions in which natural herbal mixtures, commonly known as ubtan were used for cleansing and maintaining healthy skin. These traditional preparations were fully plant-based and were mainly used to purify the skin, improve complexion, and prevent skin-related problems.

In earlier times, people depended entirely on natural remedies instead of synthetic cosmetic products. Various herbal powders such as gram flour, turmeric, sandalwood, and other plant-based ingredients were regularly used in bathing and skincare routines for gentle cleansing and nourishment of the skin.

The present formulation is based on the traditional use of several natural ingredients, each having historical importance in skincare

Neem has been used in Ayurveda for centuries due to its strong antibacterial, antifungal, and skin-purifying properties, making it effective in treating acne and skin infections.

Gram Flour was traditionally used as a natural cleanser and mild exfoliant to remove dirt, oil, and dead skin cells.

Multani Mitti has long been used in herbal skincare for deep cleansing, oil absorption, and improving skin freshness.

Aloe Vera is known for its soothing, moisturizing, and healing properties and has been used in traditional medicine for skin care.

Rose petals have been used for their cooling effect, skin toning ability, and refreshing fragrance.

Sandalwood is traditionally valued for its cooling, anti-inflammatory, and complexion-enhancing effects.

Rice Flour has been used as a gentle exfoliating agent that improves skin smoothness and removes impurities.

Turmeric has a long history in skincare due to its antiseptic, antibacterial, and healing properties.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is a modern addition used in minimal quantity to enhance foaming and cleansing efficiency.

Over time, these traditional herbal ingredients have been scientifically adapted into modern cosmetic formulations. Therefore, herbal neem face wash powder represents an improved and convenient version of ancient Ubtan combining traditional herbal knowledge with modern skincare requirements. 

5. Literature Survey

1. Yogesh H.R. et al., 2021

The clinical study assessed the effectiveness and safety of a neem-based face wash in reducing acne among healthy individuals. The results showed that Neem possesses strong antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties due to bioactive compounds like nimbidin and azadirachtin. The formulation significantly reduced acne lesions, excess oil production, redness, and microbial activity. The study concluded that neem face wash is safe for regular use and is particularly beneficial for acne-prone skin as it cleanses without causing dryness or irritation.

2. Surjushe A. et al., 2008

This review highlighted the dermatological and cosmetic importance of Aloe Vera. Aloe vera contains vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, minerals, and polysaccharides that provide moisturizing, soothing, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing effects. It helps maintain skin hydration, supports tissue repair, and reduces irritation caused by environmental factors. Due to these benefits, aloe vera is widely used in herbal skincare formulations to enhance skin softness and provide a cooling effect.

3. Rasheed A. et al., 2011

This research focused on polyherbal anti-acne face wash formulations prepared using herbal ingredients such as neem, aloe vera, and turmeric. The formulations were evaluated for pH, spreadability, viscosity, washability, irritancy, and antimicrobial activity. The results indicated good cleansing efficiency, stable physical properties, and effective antibacterial action against acne-causing microorganisms. The study concluded that polyherbal formulations offer synergistic benefits with fewer side effects compared to synthetic products.

4. Dhobale S. et al., 2025

The study involved the development of herbal powder face wash using ingredients like neem, turmeric, rice powder, aloe vera, and rose petals. The formulation was evaluated for physical properties, flow characteristics, washability, irritancy, and stability. It was observed that powder formulations have better shelf life, higher stability, and lower microbial contamination than liquid products. The study confirmed that such formulations provide effective cleansing, exfoliation, and oil control.

5. Yadav R. et al., 2023

This study discussed the role of herbal ingredients such as Multani Mitti, Gram Flour, turmeric, sandalwood, and rose in skincare products. Multani mitti showed strong oil-absorbing and cleansing properties, while gram flour acted as a mild cleanser and exfoliant. Turmeric provided antibacterial and antioxidant benefits, and sandalwood and rose offered soothing and cooling effects. The study concluded that herbal formulations improve skin health naturally without harmful effects.

6. Ingle A. & Meshram M.B., 2018

This study described the formulation and evaluation of Ayurvedic face wash products. The herbal formulations were tested for pH, foaming ability, spreadability, washability, consistency, irritancy, and stability. Results showed good cleansing performance and skin compatibility. The study concluded that herbal face washes are safer, cost-effective, and better alternatives to chemical-based products due to minimal synthetic additives and preservatives.

5. AIM

To design and assess a polyherbal formulation of neem face wash powder utilizing natural components to effectively cleanse the skin, regulate acne, and protect the skin overall.

5. OBJECTIVES

1.To design a face wash powder formulation from natural ingredients like neem, multani mitti, gram flour, aloe vera, turmeric, sandalwood, rice flour, and rose petals.

2.To use herbal ingredients that possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cleansing, and soothing properties for skincare benefits.

3.To analyze the physical and sensory attributes of the developed formulation including its appearance, color, odor, and texture.

4.To analyze the pH value, flow characteristics, and stability of the herbal face wash powder.

5.To measure the cleaning power, oil absorption, and washability properties of the formulation.

6.To analyze the foam formation and spreading properties of the face wash powder formulation.

7.To conduct skin irritation tests to determine its safety and compatibility with human skin.

8.To produce an eco-friendly, economical, and preservative-free herbal cosmetic formulati

5. PLAN OF WORK

Table No 1: Plan of Work

5. MATERIAL AND METHOD

• Material

The herbal neem face wash powder was formulated using various natural ingredients selected for their beneficial effects on the skin. Neem was included because of its antibacterial and anti-acne activities. Gram Flour served as a natural cleansing agent, whereas Multani Mitti was used for deep cleansing and absorption of excess oil. Aloe Vera helped in moisturizing and soothing the skin. Rose and Sandalwood were added for their cooling and refreshing properties. Rice Flour acted as a gentle exfoliating agent, while Turmeric was incorporated for its antiseptic and skin-protective properties. A small amount of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate was added to improve foaming and cleansing action.

Table No 2: Ingredients and Uses

• Methods

• Process Flow:

Weighing → Sieving → Geometric Mixing → Blending → Inspection → Packaging → Storage

Weighing:

All ingredients were accurately weighed using a calibrated digital balance according to the required formulation. Care was taken to avoid weighing errors and cross-contamination during handling.

Sieving:

Each ingredient was passed separately through a 60–80 mesh sieve to obtain uniform particle size. Coarse particles, fibers, and foreign matter were removed to ensure a smooth and fine powder suitable for facial application.

Geometric Mixing:

Mixing was carried out in a stepwise manner to achieve uniform distribution of all ingredients:

Step 1 (Base mixing):

Gram flour, multani mitti, and rice flour were mixed thoroughly to form a uniform base matrix.

Step 2 (Active ingredient incorporation):

Neem powder (Azadirachta indica) and aloe vera powder were gradually added to the base mixture and blended uniformly.

Step 3 (Addition of minor components):

Rose petal powder, sandalwood powder, and turmeric were incorporated slowly with continuous mixing to prevent lump formation and ensure even dispersion.

Step 4 (Surfactant addition):

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), if used, was added at the final stage and mixed gently to avoid segregation.

Blending (Homogenization):

The entire mixture was blended thoroughly for 10–15 minutes using a mortar and pestle or mechanical blender until a homogeneous, free-flowing powder with uniform color and texture was obtained. Care was taken to break any agglomerates formed during mixing.

Inspection (In-process Check):

The blended powder was visually inspected for:

Uniform color distribution

Absence of lumps

Smooth texture and free-flowing nature

Packaging:

The prepared formulation was transferred immediately into a clean, dry, airtight container to prevent moisture uptake. The container was properly labeled with formulation details and date of preparation.

Storage:

The final product was stored in a cool and dry place, protected from direct sunlight and humidity to maintain its stability, texture, and effectiveness.

5. FORMULATION TABLE  POLYHERBAL FACE WASH POWDER

Table No.3 Formulation table.

Among all the prepared formulations, F2 showed the best results during evaluation studies. It exhibited good appearance, smooth texture, pleasant odor, satisfactory foaming ability, good cleansing action, and easy washability

Stability studies also showed no significant changes during storage. Hence, F2 was considered the optimized formulation for herbal neem face wash powder.

5. Evaluation Parameters of Herbal Neem Face Wash Powder

1. Organoleptic Evaluation

The prepared herbal face wash powder was assessed for physical characteristics such as color, odor, texture, smoothness, and overall appearance through visual examination.

2. pH Measurement

The pH of the formulation was determined using a digital pH meter to confirm its safety and suitability for skin application.

pH =-log[H+]

Fig .pH Measurement

3. Bulk Density

Bulk density was measured by introducing a known quantity of powder into a measuring cylinder and recording the initial volume occupied before tapping.

Bulk density =Mass of powder / Bulk volume

4. Tapped Density

Tapped density was determined after continuously tapping the measuring cylinder until a constant volume was obtained.

Tapped density = Mass of powder / Tapped volume

5. Angle of Repose

The angle of repose was evaluated to study the flow behavior and flowability of the powder formulation.

6. Carr’s Compressibility Index

Carr’s index was calculated to determine the compressibility and flow characteristics of the prepared powder.

Carr’s index =Tapped density – Bulk density / Tapped density ×100

7. Hausner Ratio

Hausner ratio was measured to evaluate the flowability and packing properties of the formulation.

Hausner ratio = Tapped density / Bulk density

8. Washability Test

The formulation was examined for its ability to be easily removed from the skin using water after application.

9. Foaming Ability

Foam production and foam stability were observed by shaking the formulation with water.

10. Irritation Study

The formulation was applied on a small area of skin to check for any irritation, redness, itching, or allergic reaction.

11. Stability Evaluation

The prepared formulation was stored under suitable environmental conditions and observed periodically for any changes in color, odor, texture, appearance, and pH during the storage period.

Table No.4. Evaluation parameters

Fig. Preparation of Herbal Neem Face Wash Powder

• How to Apply Herbal Neem Face Wash Powder

Steps involved:

1. Wet Your Hands & Take the Powder Cleanser: Make your hands wet and then apply approximately one teaspoon of powder cleanser into your hand.

2. Mix with Water: Mix some water with the cleansing powder.

3. Form a Lather: Rub your hands together for a while and let the mixture lather.

4. Apply the Lather to Your Face: Apply the foam cleanser to your wet face using circular movements.

5. Rinse Face: Clean your face well with warm water.

6. Dry Your Face with a Soft Towl : Pat dry your face gently using a soft towel.

Fig . steps involved in using herbal neem face wash powder